Improved machine foe crushing and washing sand



first.

JOHN R. SMITH, OF CONNELLSVlLLE, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND WILLIAM H. DENN ISTON OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 63,248, dated August 27, 1867.

IMPROVED MAGHINE FOB GRUSHING AND WASHING SAND.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: I

Be itknown that I, JOHN B. SMITH, of Conn'cllsville, in the county ofFayette, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Crushing and Washing Sand; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawing,

making a part of this specification, which drawing is a perspectiveview'of my improved apparatus for crushing and washing sand, and to theletters of reference marked theredn.

The nature of my invention consists in the introduction of water intothe crushing-pan of a rock or sand crusher in such a way as to aid inthe disintegration of the rock, and also so as to wash the sand clear ofvegetable and earthy matter, and discharge it from the pan thoroughlypulverized and containing little 'or no deleterious foreign matter; andconsists, further, in the construction and arrangement of devices bywhich these ends are accomplished. 7

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to'describe its construction and mode of operation. I

The machinery which I employ is attached to any suitable framework A,and the crushers b and crushingpan a are sustained by any suitable bedor foundation, B. The pan a, usually of cast iron, is of annular shape,and fitted either with an inner ring, a or otherwise, so that the sandin the pan a shall be kept from getting into the step in which works theshaft d, which, by the axle a, connecting the crushing-wheels 1), causesthem to rotate and revolve in the annular pan a. A slot in the shaft d,not shown in the drawing, through which passes the axle 0, allows thecrushers B'to'have so much vertical play as may be found necessary totheir successful operation. The motion requisite to operate the crushersb is communicated through acrank, e, or band-wheel,

f, by the shaft f and bevel gear-wheels g to the shaft d, or by anyother-desirable arrangement of gearing in ordinary use. On the top ofthe frame A, or on other convenient support, and at such a height as tosecure a good head of water, I place a water-tank, 6. From this a pipe,It, opened and closed by a cock, 1', leads down to the crushing-pan aand discharges a stream of water of any desirable size into the pan a.In the lower part of the pan, and opening outward, is a discharge-gate,s, from which the water and pulverized sand issue out on to the riddleor perforated plate m. Through this the water and sand pass into thetrough 11 where thewater is drained ofi, carrying with it the impuritieswashed out of the sand, and the sand is left in condition for themarket. Any lumps or pieces of rock which may escape from the pan notsufficiently crushed are discharged over the end of the riddle m.

While not limiting myself to any particular size or weight of machinery,or any single mode of operation, I will proceed to describe moreespecially that construction and operationwhich I find most feasible andbest. The crushing-wheels bare of metal, and of sufficient weight tocrush the rock, if rock sand be fed in, or to thoroughly pulverize andmix the sand, if it be fed in in a loose state. Any convenient mode offeeding may be employed. The crushers b, moving somewhat rapidly, impartto the water in the pan a motion in the same direction. As a. current ofwater moving around thus aids materially in disintegrating the rock, andby its force more completely cleanses the sand, when pulverized, of itsvegetable and earthy matter, and carries it out of the crushing-pan morerapidly, I secure these useful results more perfectly by so placing thelower end of the pipe 72 that it shall discharge its water in thedirection of the motionof the crushers b. The crushers b and water thenact together in pulverizing and securing the sand, and the water carriesofl', either in solution or in a mechanical mixture, all or most of theobnoxious impurities. The outer side of the pan a-is flanged or bevelledoutwards, to provide room for the action of the cru'shers b and stillkeep the sand-rock or sandstone which is being crushed as perfectly aspossible in the track of the orushcrs till completely pulverized.

With this arrangement I am able to crush and wash about forty tons ofsand per day, of ten hours, whereas, by the devices previously in use,ten tons per day have been the usual product, and as sand in a state ofor approaching to pure silex has become an important article ofcommerce, particularly in connection with manufactures,-such increase inthe facilities for preparing it are consequently of corresponding value.

The devices described are equally applicable to washing or scouringloose pulverized or bank sand, so called. Such sand, as well as therock-sand or sandstone, contains more or less vegetable and impureearthy ga t-en grates strut @t'hre,

JOHN Ii. SMITH. OF CONNELIiSVlLLE, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND WILLIAM H.DENNISTON, 'OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 68,248, dated August 27, 1867.

IMPROVED MAGHINE FOR GBUSHING AND WASHING SAND.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it'known that I, JOHN B. SMITH, of Conn'ellsville, in the county ofFayette, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Crushing and Washing Sand; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawing, making a part of thisspecification, which drawing is a perspective view'of my improvedapparatus for crushing and washing sand, and to the letters of referencemarked therebn. v

The nature of my invention consists in the introduction of water intothe crushing-pan of a rock or sandcrusher in such a way as to aid in thedisintegration of the rock, and also so as to wash thcsand clear ofvegetable and earthy matter, and discharge it from the pan thoroughlypulverized and containing little or no deleterious foreign matter; andconsists, further, in the construction and arrangement of devices bywhich these ends are accomplished. I 7

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction and mode of operation.

The machinery which I employ is attached to any suitable framework A,and the crushers b and crushingpan a are sustained by any suitable bedor foundation, 1?. The pan 0, usually of cast iron, is of'annular shape,and fitted either with an inner ring, a: or otherwise, so that the sandin the pan a shall be kept from getting into the step in which works theshaft d, which, by the axle c, connecting the crushing-wheels 6, causesthem to rotate and revolve in the annular pair a. A slot in the shaft d,not shown in the drawing, through which passes the axle 0, allows thecrushers b'to'have so much vertical play as may be found necessary totheir successful operation. The motion requisite to operate the crushersb is communicated through arcrank, e, or band-\vheel,

f, by the shaft f and bevel gear-wheels g to the shaft (1, or by anyotherdesirable arrangement of gearing in ordinary use. On the top of theframe A, or on other convenient support, and at such a height as tosecure a good head of water, I place a water-tank, 6. From this a pipe,it, opened and closed by a cock, 2', leads down to the crushing-pan aand discharges a. stream of water of any desirable size into the pan a.In the lower part of the pan, and opening outward, is a discharge-gate,e, from which the water and pulverized sand issue out on to the riddleor perforated plate m. Through this the water and sand pass into thetrough n, where the water is drained off, carrying with it theimpurities washed out of the sand, and the sand is left inCOIldllZiOIlzfOI' the market. Any lumps or pieces of rock which mayescape from the pan not sufficiently crushed are discharged over the endof the riddle on.

While not limiting myself to any particular size or weight of machinery,or any single mode of operation, I will proceed to describe moreespecially that construction and operationwhich I find most feasible andbest. The crushing-wheels bare of metal, and of sufficient weight tocrush the rock, if rock sand be fed in, or to thoroughly pulverize andmix the sand, if it be fed in in a loose state. Any convenient mode offeeding may be employed. The crushers 6, moving somewhat rapidly, impartto the water in the pan a motion in the same direction. As a current ofwater moving around thus aids materially in disintegrating the rock, andby its force more completely cleanses the sand, when pulverized, of itsvegetable and earthy matter, and carries it out of the crushing-pan morerapidly, I secure these useful results more perfectly by so placing thelower end of the pipe k that it shall discharge its water in thedirection of the motionof the crushers b. The crushers b and water thenact together in pulverizing and securing the sand, and the water carriesofl, either in solution or in a mechanical mixture, all or most of theobnoxious impurities. The outer side of the pan a'is flanged or bevelledoutwards, to provide room for the action of the cru'shers b and stillkeep the sand-rock or sandstone which is being crushed as perfectly aspossible in the track of the crushers till completely pulverized.

With this arrangement I am able to crush and wash about forty tons ofsand per day, of ten hours, whereas, by the devices previously in use,ten tons per day have been the usual product, and as sand in a state ofor approaching to pure silex has become an important article ofcommerce, particularly in connection with manufactures, such increase inthe facilities for preparing it are consequently of corresponding value.

The devices described are equally applicable to washing or scouringloose pulverized or bank sand, so called. Such sand, as well as therock-sand or sandstone, contains more or less vegetable and impureearthy matter, which must be removed before the sand. is fitfor mostmanufacturing purposes. This is accomplished substantially in the mannerabove described.

I usually find one pipe, 71, sufi'ioient, but two or more may be used ifdesired, and they may discharge in any direction into the pan, except ina direction opposite to that of the'erushers b. The water may be forcedinto the pan a by a force-pump or other convenient device'for obtaininga pressure, instead of falling from a height, but such pressure is notindispensable. The water may be fed in in any convenient way, but I havefound the way described to be the best. e

The introduction of water into the crushing-pan is further advantageousin that it enables the crushers to do with ease and rapidity thativhich, with the sand or rock in a dry state, they would do withdifiiculty, if at all. The Water keeps the sand distributecl'evenly overthe bottom of the pan, so that it cannot accumulate or pile up in lumpsin the path of the crushers, and, as fast as the sand or rock isthoroughly pulverized, it is washed out by the aperture or gates, asabove described.

What Ivclaim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The introduction of a stream or flow of water into the crushing-panof a'revolviug sand, sand-rock, or sandstone crusher, to aid the crusheror crushers in disintegrating the rock, and to cleanse and discharge thepulverized sand, substantially in the manner and for the purposeshereinbefore set forth.

2. The rotating and revolving crushing-wheels b, in a sand-rock crusher,in combination with a crushingpan, (1, provided with a discharge-gate,s, and a water-supply pipe, h, or its equivalent, all constructed andoperated substantially as and for the purposes above set forth. I

In testimony whereof I, the said JOHN B. SMITH, have hereunto set myhand.

' JOHN R. SMITH.

Witnesses:

A. S. NIoHoLsoN, GEO. H. GHRrsTY.

